PROPORTION & SCALE

Golden Section

When smaller parts are related to the whole in mathematical terms, it is know as the golden section or the golden ration to the golden rectangle. We see this equation all around us. This occurs when a shape repeats itself within itself keeping true to its proportions. 

Diagrammatic example:

The Orders

For structure and stability of architecture columns. In ancient times, Greeks and Romans used them a lot. There are five basic columns; Tuscan, Doric, Ionic, Corinthian and Composite. 

Diagrammatic example:

http://www.marblecolumnsdesign.com/creme-marfil-italian-marble-columns/

Renaissance Theories

1,2,3,4…

This simple math progression had led Pythagoras, a famous mathematician,  to discover the theory which the Greeks think help understand harmony in a bigger picture. The ratios (1;2, 1;3, 2:3, 3:4) influenced the Renaissance architecture and Greek music. Which led the renaissance architecture to devise ratios in a continuous series which aid in the forming the dimensions of the room and the interlocking of the plan as well.

Diagrammatic example:

 Houzz.com

􏰀The Modular

Le. Corbusier developed this system by using the before theories. He used the human body to make new measurement by referencing to the golden section. 

Diagrammatic example:

The”Ken”

Shaku is a Chinese unit of measurement that was used by the Japanese in the Middle ages.It is used as a module (ken) to determine the not only the structure but also the materials and in space of Japanese architecture. There are two methods of ken; Inakama method and Kyo-ma method. They both use the measurement the ratio 1:2.

Diagrammatic example:

http://syndicate.details.com/post/10-ways-to-add-japanese-style-to-your-interior-design

􏰀Anthropomorphic

Anthropomorphic system using the human body proportions and size as a key concept. We see this system applied mostly in furniture. 

Diagrammatic example:

http://www.architecture-page.com/go/projects/650-apartments__all

 Scale

Scale determine the physical size of an object in relations to spaces or other objects. There are two scales, Small and large. Both of them are compared to the normal size to understand the scale. It is used as a design element in the interior spaces.

Diagrammatic example:

Pintrest.com